A modifier key is a part of many key combinations. A modifier key alters the way other keystrokes or mouse clicks are interpreted by Mac OS X. Modifier keys include: Command, Control, Option, Shift, Caps Lock, and (on portable Macs) the fn key. Here are the modifier key symbols you can see in Mac OS X menus: (Command key) – Sometimes called “Apple key”; on Apple keyboards this key also has an Apple logo (Control key) (Option key) – “Alt” may also appear on this key (Shift key) (Caps Lock) – Toggles Caps Lock on or off fn (Function key) – Located in the lower left corner of built-in keyboards on portable Macs Press the key or key combination until the expected function occurs/appears (for example, hold Option during startup until Startup Manager appears, or Shift until “Safe Boot” appears). Tip: If a startup function doesn’t work and you use a third-party keyboard, connect an Apple keyboard and try again. Finder keyboard shortcuts Application and other Mac OS X keyboard commands Note: Some applications may not support all of the below application key combinations. (*) Note: If no text is selected, the extension begins at the insertion point. If text is selected by dragging, then the extension begins at the selection boundary. Reversing the direction of the selection deselects the appropriate unit. Universal Access – VoiceOver keyboard commands Note: You may need to enable “Use all F1, F2, etc. keys as standard keys” in Keyboard preferences for the VoiceOver menu and utility to work. Universal Access – Mouse Keys When Mouse Keys is turned on in Universal Access preferences, you can use the keyboard or numeric keypad keys to move the mouse pointer. If your computer doesn’t have a numeric keypad, use the Fn (function) key. See also: Shortcuts for Mouse Keys. See also:

Intel-based Apple Portables: Caps Lock modified to reduce accidental activation Creating keyboard shortcuts for applications If a keyboard shortcut doesn’t work If you can’t use some keyboard shortcuts Using global keyboard shortcuts Startup Manager: How to Select a Startup Volume Resolving VoiceOver key command conflicts Mac OS X: Alternative Ways to Control Your Computer Mac OS X: Additional features of the Dock Mac OS X: Speech – How to Add a Spoken Command for Keyboard Shortcut QuickTime Player: About Movie Playback Keyboard Shortcuts Keynote 4.0 Help (iWork ’08) Keyboard shortcuts for Front Row iCal 3 Keyboard Shortcuts iWeb 3 Keyboard Shortcuts iPhoto 8 Keyboard Shortcuts

iPhoto 8 Creating shortcuts to your favorite keywords